Difference Between Functional Manager and Project Manager

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A FUNCTIONAL MANAGER AND A PROJECT MANAGER FUNCTIONAL MANAGER 1. He is in-charge of a firm’s functional depts. Such as marketing, engg., or finance. 2. They are more skilled at analysis. Such heads are specialists in certain areas only. 3. They are analytical in approach (breaking the system into smaller and smaller elements) and they know something abt. the operation for which they are responsible. 4. In case of any difficulty, they know how to analyze and attack it. 5. They are administratively responsible for deciding how something will be done, who is going to do it, and what resources will be devoted to accomplish a task. 6. He is a direct, technical supervisor. 7. He†¦show more content†¦The project may also be stopped because it is unsuccessful. For eg: If a medicine is prepared for a disease but selling at higher rate and in the market there are other medicines at lower rate for same disease then launching of this new medicine may not benefit and this project may be carried on further. 2. Termination by addition: Most projects are inhouse i.e. carried out by project team for the use in parent organization. If a project is a major success it is terminated by the parent organization. For eg: Suppose the Maths dept creates a BSc[IT] course taken as a project. Now if after several years the BSc[IT] course can run on its own, then the Maths dept can terminate this BSc[IT] project which can be considered as a full fledged dept. now. 3. Termination by intefration: This method of terminating a project is most common and it is done when the complexity arises. The property equipment, material, personnel and functions of the project are distributed among existing element of the parent organization. The output of the project becomes the std. part of operating system of the parent or client For eg: The merger of global trust bank with oriental bank is termination by integration. Following points must be considered when the project functions are distributed during integration. a. Personnel: Where wil the project team go? Will it remain a team. B. Manufacturing: Is the trainingShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Structure Of Functional Managers919 Words   |  4 PagesStructures relates to Project Management Functional managers have specialties such as engineering and manufacturing. They are usually selected for their technical expertise and ability to control the day to day operations. Functional Managers are considered cross-functional team and are self-directed to assign to a specific task. This type of management have different responsibilities, but all work to perform the same function of the department. Leadership within functional managers is essential, itRead MoreChapter 10 Review Questions961 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the difference between leading and managing a project? Leading involves recognizing and communicating the need to change course and direction of the project, aligning people to this new direction, and motivating the team to overcome obstacles to achieve the new objectives. Managing is about formulating plans and objectives, designing procedures to achieve those objectives, monitoring progress, and taking corrective action. Managing is about putting out fires and maintaining the courseRead MoreUse Of Mintzberg s Management Roles1356 Words   |  6 Pagesobjectives but also the non-tangible goals and objectives such as completing the project on time and without any overrun. 3.4 Management Roles Based on the research interview, Jacobs is also using Mintzberg’s management roles within 3 categories: †¢ Decisional Roles Both top and middle managers of Jacobs Australia have decisional roles to do. The top management is generally involved on deciding when to initiate new projects or programs and approve significant other organisational decisions. However bothRead MoreProject Management1673 Words   |  7 Pagesare those, which focus on the tangible results of the project. They require specific domain knowledge, tools, and techniques in order to complete the work. An example would be the creation of a software application package. 4. Describe the initiating processes. Give one example of an initiating process to support a particular phase of oil exploration project methodology. The initiating process signals the beginning of the project or phase. It requires an organization to make a commitmentRead MoreThe Principal Reasons Why Management Has Become Such A Popular Business Tool1118 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss the principal reasons why project management has become such a popular business tool in recent years. (Objective 1.1) Business has changed greatly in the last 20-30 years. The introduction of global competition has forced businesses to find new ways to gain a competitive advantage, whether it be new or improved products (as product life cycles have shortened), cost reductions (perhaps through a new MIS), or just improving the customer experience. With Project Management, companies have theRead MoreProject Management Written Assignment 1 Essay examples803 Words   |  4 Pages2012-02-MAN-435-OL009: Project Management Written Assignment 1 1. Discuss the principal reasons why project management has become such a popular business tool in recent years. Business has changed in the past 20 or so years. Products are being produced more rapidly and with the introduction of globalization competition has become more abundant. There is a need to become more customer focused but at the same time quicker to market while still reducing cost. Doing business the old way isRead MoreStrategic Design At Dynacorp Corporation1668 Words   |  7 Pagesthe challenges, a series of investigations were carried out among not only the employees but also the company competitors. After the thorough inquiries,the serious shortcomings of the organisation structure have been identified. Dynacorp adapted functional structure since it was established. The company has three divisions which are engineering, manufacturing and marketing. The precondition of the company’s development is that each division work closely with one another. Whereas one of serious problemsRead MoreCase Study : Project Human Resources1447 Words   |  6 Pages3 – Project Human Resources: Establishment of different types of organisations is very important to avoid several potential conflicts related with project (Burke, 2013). 3.1 – Appropriate Project Organisational Structure and Participants’ Responsibilities: According to Edwards, P. Bowen, P. (2013) there are different types of project organisational structures which establish different relations between different stakeholders. Following are the best known types of project organisational structure:Read More Organizational Structures Essay799 Words   |  4 Pagespoint of view the main concerns are ensuring effective communication and coordination. In respects to project management there are three primary organizational break downs they are functional structure, pure project structure, and matrix structure. We will take a look into each of these structures to better identify the similarities and differences between them. Functional Structure In a functional arrangement, power or status is defined by a vertical hierarchy. This structure clearly defines theRead MoreOrganizational Structures820 Words   |  4 Pagespoint of view the main concerns are ensuring effective communication and coordination. In respects to project management there are three primary organizational break downs they are functional structure, pure project structure, and matrix structure. We will take a look into each of these structures to better identify the similarities and differences between them. Functional Structure In a functional arrangement, power or status is defined by a vertical hierarchy. This structure clearly defines the

Critically Examine How a ‘Sector Matrix’ Framework Is...

Critically examine how a ‘sector matrix’ framework is useful for analysing demand and supply linkages. Use two contrasting examples. From Industry Value Chain to Sector Matrix Introduction Deviating from the industry value chain first introduced by Porter (1985) and later adapted by Gereffi (1996), a fairly recent alternative has been established by Froud, Haslam, Johal amp; Williams (1998) called the ‘sector matrix’. Until about a decade ago competitive focus was on the production process, the steps taken to develop a product being the ‘primary’ activities and company strategies outlined as ‘support’ activities. With continually increasing complexity within corporations, new and more innovative means of analysis are required. A†¦show more content†¦One will see differences in value chains of firms within the same industry sometimes, as the variance from company to company depends on differences in strategic approach and whether or not the firms have the same breed of vertical supply linkages. Analysis, being constrained by the aspects mentioned above, means the strategic options of a company are limited. Additionall y, the value chain can only provide valid analyses to firms which operate within a single industry, defined by common technology (Haslam et al, 2000) (see Figure 1, p. 1). Further, if the company at hand is pertinent to this form of analysis, only the processes from acquiring any raw material to finished manufacture are involved. Sector Matrix The matrix Froud et al introduced in response to these short chains is a more complex system which adapts to more intricate networks of manufacturing and production. This new scheme succeeds Gereffi’s studies on global commodity chains, which contributed to the initial development of additional chain analysis types but still followed an overly simple linear concept (Froud et al, 1998). Sector matrix focuses specifically on the extension of linear production chains. In developing a sector matrix, Froud et al â€Å"choose to start from demand,† and they believe â€Å"it is logical to suggest, therefore, that the limits of the sector should be defined by patterns ofShow MoreRelatedCritically Examine How Useful the ‘Sector Matrix’ Framework Is2117 Words   |  9 PagesCritically examine how useful the ‘sector matrix’ framework is for analysing demand and supply linkages in all industries. Use two contrasting examples In recent years several frameworks have been developed for analyzing product markets and competitive advantages of companies. 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The subject covers a broad range of topics including the regulatory framework of accounting, preparation and analysis of financial statements, investment analysis and ethics in accounting. 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Inclusion Essay Example For Students

Inclusion Essay Educational PsychologyInclusionWhat a society feels about its diverse membership, particularly about citizens who are different, is expressed in the institutions of that society. A close look at the major institutions of our society the schools, the legislatures, and the courts should tell us a lot about the place of exceptional children in our society. In the category of exceptional children one would find a list of any and every child that requires education in academic matters as well as life skills. These children must work at things that average society takes for granted. Out of this group of exceptional children has risen a disability that is drawing more and more attention known as Down Syndrome. The obvious reason for Down Syndrome children to come to the forefront is their parents. By this I mean that studies have shown that a couple with two or more college degrees among them are more likely to have a Downs baby then that of a couple of high school drop outs. This odd occurrence has lead to more affluent families to give birth to one or more Downs babies. The limitations facing a Downs child will affect the childs whole life and it is the environmental circumstances around him that determine how he fares in life. Included in these circumstances are his family and their unity and maybe most importantly his level of education. In our society education plays a big part in all we do and this serves no difference for the Downs child. As we look back in time, we find that the notion of educating every child to achieve his or her greatest potential is a relatively new concept. The current use of the term exceptional is itself a reflection of the radical changes in societies views of people whom differ from the norm. The world has come along way from the Spartans practice of killing infants who did not meet their standards of normalcy, but the journey has been slow, moving from neglect and mistreatment, to pity and overprotection and finally to acceptance and integration to the fullest extent possible. The phrase Acceptance and integration into society to the fullest extent possible has been the topic of the most heated arguments in education today. The term integration has grown to include such devices as inclusion and mainstreaming. Although the U.S. has come a long way from the 1850s when 60 percent of people living in poor houses would today have been classified as exceptional. The argument presented is have we done too much or not near enough? Proponents of inclusion believe that all children, regardless of disability or intensity of exceptionality, should be educated in general education environments. They assume that all students, including those with mild, moderate, or severe disabilities, should be educated with peers of the same age and in schools in their neighborhoods. To some advocates of inclusion any placement other than in the regular classroom posses a serious threat of putting a child at risk for an inferior education and deprives the child of the social relationships that can be nurtured in the general education settings. The overarching concern for those supporting inclusion seems to be the social relationships of the child with disabilities, rather than mastery of certain academic and technical skills. This strain falls in line with their idea of total social integration of all society. Inclusion visionaries will claim if we isolate these k ids, during school age years, they will never be fully excepted by society. The inclusion fire does not burn without opposition. The most influential of this opposition is the Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA). The LDAs view of inclusion is quite different. LDA believes that the appropriate place for many students with learning disabilities, especially Down Syndrome, is with a special education instructor. The LDA assume, these kids often need alternative instructional environments or teaching strategies that can not or will not be provided within the context of the regular classroom. The LDA is the most obvious bargaining force of special educators. The LDA believes that for the most part and especially in the case of the Downs child, the child benefits most by being under the instruction of an individual trained in the field of special education. They argue that the reason people push for inclusion is so that. Social association will occur. Yet, most case studies show that peers do not except the child. Instead the child is more rejected t han if he or she were instructed separate and just meet with peers in a more social context. .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .postImageUrl , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:hover , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:visited , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:active { border:0!important; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:active , .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856 .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2bee1982667f25f8cc4428b0724e1856:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In The Next Twenty Years, The World Will Have Solved The Major Problem EssayThis rejection is the basis for the third side of the conflict. Those involved in the side of the debate say ask the child how he or she feels about the other two parties here. The forces here state that research has shown the stress felt by regular education teachers to make adaptations for students with disabilities effects the over all class. Like the scene in the middle of fifth period, and Sabrina Smith, a student who has Cerebral Palsy, needs to go to the bathroom. She interrupts Carol Masterson, her teacher, who is giving instructions for a writing assignment to her seventh-grade class at Co ats Middle School. Ms. Masterson, I need to go now, Sabrina Smith says haltingly, as her right hand operates the control to direct her electric wheelchair to the hallway door. Okay, Sabrina. Masterson says. She knows Sabrina is physically unable to wait until later to go to the bathroom. She tells the other 35 students in class to begin writing on the assignment and walks quickly down the hall in pursuit of Sabrina. We dont even know what were supposed to write about yet! says Sal Rio, a tall boy who sits near the front, as Masterson walks by. Just write Sal, Masterson responds. Just write. This is just a small excerpt of one case study in favor of both the LDA and those that believe in allowing the individual child make their own decision. In all fairness all these groups have points in their favor as well as points against. Neither group denies the legitimacy of the others priorities. The issue is which should have precedence. Since the ideologies behind inclusion and the concept itself are fairly new, it was an idea that was not dealt with by the great thinkers and theorists of educational psychology. Yet it is possible to take their writings and see just how these thoughts applied to inclusion. For instance, Piaget was found to have said, As we develop we are also interacting with people around us. According to Piaget, our cognitive development is influenced by social transmission, or learning from others. From this it is easy to argue that Piaget would have wanted some degree of inclusion to help promote these students social transmission with other students. Another theorist we are able to tie into inclusion is Vygotsky. Vygotskys Sociocultrual Perspective was one that asserts that cognitive development hinges on social interaction and the development of language. It is plausible that social interaction could have been obtained by exceptional children in contact with others like themselves. The develop ment of language clause shows evidence that it would be better for these kids to exchange with regular kids, who more often than not have a better grasp of language. With this in hand, although the connection may be seen as vague, I would like to believe that these two would have been advocates for some degree of inclusion. Based on my readings and findings along with my own personal experience of being a student, I follow the notion that these students should only be mainstreamed if they can make the choice themselves and feel comfortable about the decision. If not that, there should at least be some type of standardized test to prevent students incapable of inclusion from being put in the situation. I can not agree with placing a Down Syndrome student in regular classes just so their parents or the administrators can make the statement that the child is attending regular classes. In the case of a Down Syndrome student there is no getting around the physical differences so we can not expect immediate acceptance. It is a well-known fact that a few years ago people called their condition Mongoloid Disease. Their physical appearance makes it hard for them to blend in compared to other learning disability students. Furthermore to have a child in a room where the only attention they receive is negative or full of pity should be considered as cruel and unusual punishment. Some kids get absolutely nothing positive out of being in inclusion programs. At the same times I do realize there are some kids that get nothing out of special education classes because they are so far ahead of their peers. In most cases the special needs of the exceptional child are found aggravating by the teacher or makes the other students feel cheated and resentful. .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .postImageUrl , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:hover , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:visited , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:active { border:0!important; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:active , .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udd8935224744d08997b34f7511dce4ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: ROBERT Frost has been EssayIn closing I would like to say that if the true intent of inclusion is to get Down Syndrome and other exceptional children to be accepted and sociable with their peers, then these programs should bring regular kids into special education classes. This way the regular student may get a better understanding of the exceptional student. The inclusion of an exceptional child into a regular classroom should be based on some tangible method like an exam. That way the students right to be there is earned by more than age much like the regular students who must past the pre requisite studies for that subject. Finally, classrooms are places where knowledge is to be obtained and or shared. If we are looking to achieve social acceptance then these programs should take place in a more social environment.

Theorems Essays (790 words) - Quadrilaterals, Elementary Geometry

Theorems Postulate1-3--given AB and a # r between 0 and 180, there is exactly one ray w/ endpoint A, extending on each side of AB, such that the measure of the angle formed is r postulate1-4--if r is in the interior of pqs, then Mpqr+Mrqs=Mpqs.if Mpqr+Mrqs then R is in thr interior of angle pqs postulate 2-2--through any 3 points not on the same line there is exactly one plane law of detachment--if P--*Q is a true conditional and P is true, then Q is true law of syllogism--if P--*Q and Q--*R are true conditionals, then P--*R is also true theorem2-1--congruence of segments is reflexive, symmetric and transitive theorem2-2--if 2 angles form a linear pair, then they r supplementary angles theorem2-3--congruence of angles is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive theorem2-4--angles supplementary to the same angle or to the congruent angles r congruent theorem2-5--angles complementary to the same angle or to congruent angles r congruent theorem2-6--all right angles r congruent theorem2-7--vertical angles r congruent theorem2-8--perpindicular lines intersect to form 4 right angles skew lines-2 lines r skew if they don't intersect and r not in the same plane postulate3-1-- if 2 // lines r cut by a transversal, then each pair of corresponding angles is congruent theorem3-1--if 2 // lines r cut by a transversal, then each pair of alternate interior angles in congruent theorem3-2--if 2 // lines r cut by a transversal, then each pair of consec. int. angles is supp. theorem3-3--if 2 // lines r cut by a transversal, then each pair of alternate ext. angles is congruent theorem3-4--in a plane, if a line is perp. to 1 of 2 // lines, then it is perp. to the other postulate3-4--2 nonvertical lines have the same slope if and only if they r //. postulate3-5--2 nonvertical lines r perp. if and only if the product of their slopes is -1 theorem4-3--the measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the 2 remote interior angles CPCTC- 2 triangles r congruent if and only if their corresponding parts r congruent theorem4-4--congruence of triangles is reflexive, transitive and symmetric theorem4-6--if 2 sides of a triangle r congruent, then the angles opp. the sides r congruent theorem4-7--if 2 angles of a triangle r congruent, then the sides opp. those angles r congruent theorem4-3--a triangle is equilateral if and only if it is equiangular theorem5-1 a point on the perp. bisector of a seg. is equidistant from the endpoints of the seg. theorem5-2--a point equidistant from the endpoints of a seg. lies in the perp. bisector of the seg. theorem5-3--a point on the bisector of an angle is equidistant from the sides of the angle theorem5-4--a point in the interior of or on an angle and equidistant from the sides of an angle lies on the bisector of the angle theorem5-5--if the legs of 1 rt. triangle r congruent to the corr. legs of another rt. triangle, then the triangles r congruent theorem5-6--if the hypotenuse and an acute angle of 1 rt. triangle r congruent to the hyp. and corr. acute angle of another rt. triangle, then the 2 triangles r congruent theorem5-9--if 1 side of a triangle is longer than the other side,then the angle opp. the longer side is greater than the angle opp. the shorter side theorem5-11--the perp.seg. froma point to a line is ythe shortest seg. from the point to the line theorem5-12--the sum of the lenghts of any 2 sides of a triangle is greater than the lenght of the third side theorem6-1--opp. sides and angles of a parallelogram r congruent theorem6-4--the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other theorem6-5--if both pairs of opp. sides of a quad. r congruent, the the quad is a parallelogram theorem6-6--if 1 pair of opp. sides of a quad. r both parallel and congruent, then the quad. is a parallelogram theorem6-7--if the diagonals of a quad. bisect each other, then the quad. is a parallelogram theorem6-8--if both pairs of opp. angles in a quad r congruent,then the quad is a parallelogram theorem6-9--if a paralellogram is a rectangle then its diagonals r congruent theorem6-10--the diagonals of a rhombus r perp. theorem6-11--each diagonal of a rhombus bisects a pair of opp. angles theorem6-12--both pairs of base angles of an isoceles trapezoid r congruent theorem6-13--the diagonals of an isoceles trapezoid r congrient theorem6-14--the mediand of a trapezoid is parallel to the bases and its measure is one half the sum of the measures of the bases.